Synthesis of Phenytoin Compound Using Microwave Technology and Evaluation of Its Antibacterial Activity

Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug that can be used in the treatment of epilepsy. The main site of action appears to be the motor cortex where the spread of seizure activity is inhibited (Kruer et al., 2013). By promoting the flow of sodium in neurons, phenytoin tends to settle against hyperexcitability threshold caused by excessive stimulation, or changes in the environment capable of reducing the sodium in the membrane. Phenytoin reduces the maximal activity of seizures (Rogawski and Löscher, 2004). Phenytoin also is used to control arrhythmias (irregular heartbeat) to treat migraines, headaches and pain of the facial nerve (Balaji., 2004). According to the current level of knowledge and therapeutic means, epilepsy medication orders is missing or at least significantly reduce seizures and adequate quality of life, in terms of minimal side effects of antiepileptic drugs (Balaji, 2004). Microwave have been used to speed up chemical reactions in the laboratories (Mingos., 1994) which led scientists to investigate the mechanism of microwave dielectric heating and to identify the advantages of the technique for chemical synthesis. (Hoz de la., 2005) During recent years, microwaves have been extensively used for carrying out chemical reactions and have become a useful non-conventional energy source for performing organic synthesis (Gedye., 1998). This is supported ABSTRACT